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99%以上为甲流！紧急提醒_我的网站

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A | Russian Minister of Agriculture Dmitry Patrushev weighed in on the issue of global food security on Friday, warning that a crisis of planetary proportions is taking shape.,“The situation in global markets is difficult, especially for wheat. This season, due to a number of factors, including drought in the US and Europe, floods in Australia and bad weather in India, the global supply of milling wheat will drop. Also, due to climate anomalies, a decrease in the quality of wheat in North America is expected, first and foremost in the United States. All of this, together with logistical restrictions, could lead to serious risks in terms of global food security in the current agricultural year,” Patrushev said, speaking to ministry officials in Bashkiria.,Patrushev updated officials on the state of Russia’s harvesting campaign, saying about 27 percent of the fields have been cultivated, with 55 million tons of grain collected – a good indicator, but far below yields shown a year ago, thanks to a cold spring, poor weather and problems with obtaining parts for foreign-made agricultural equipment.,“Altogether, this creates risks in terms of achieving [the planned] grain harvest of 130 million tons. Of course, we will fully provide for the domestic market, there will not be any problems with this. However, if the planned volumes are not reached, we will have to revise our export target of 50 million tons, and this may have a negative impact on the world grain market,” the minister warned.,Russian Agriculture Ministry Warns of Risks to Global Food Security in Current Crop Year 5 August, 09:08 GMT,Sanctions Food for Thought,The United States and Europe got a rude awakening in the spring when the nations of the Global South refused to join them in slapping sanctions on Russia after it kicked off its special military operation in Ukraine. While the US, Canada, the UK, the European Union, Japan, Australia, and New Zealand drafted thousands upon thousands of new restrictions against Moscow, not a single country in Latin America, Africa, the Middle East, or non-US allied East Asia has joined them so far.,The developing world’s quest for food security, and Russia’s status as a major global exporter of both grains and fertilizers, is undoubtedly an important factor in calculations made by regional leaders when it comes to sanctions.,At the same time, the Global South has not been spared the consequences of the West’s secondary restrictions. African Union chief and Senegalese President Macky Sall outlined the scope of the problem in June, telling Russian President Vladimir Putin that sanctions had “aggravated the situation with the supply of grains and fertilizers to African countries,” and sparked “a serious threat to food security” for the continent.,AfricaAnti-Russia Sanctions Left Africa Without Access to Grain and Fertilisers, African Union Chief Says3 June, 11:13 GMT,Notwithstanding concerns about global food security going back to the COVID crisis of 2020 and 2021, which wreaked havoc on supply chains and aggravated economic pain across much of the developing world, the US and its allies unflinchingly and nearly instantaneously slapped agriculture- and fertilizer-related sanctions on Russia and its ally, Belarus, in February and March of 2022.,Oleg Kobiakov, director of the UN Food and Agriculture Organization’s Russian liaison office, recently revealed that his agency estimates that some 828 million people were suffering from hunger at the end of 2021, with their numbers increasing by some 150 million people compared to the pre-COVID year 2019. Amid the escalation of the Ukrainian crisis and Western sanctions, Kobiakov stressed the importance of the FAO-proposed international fund to support the export of food, fertilizers, and energy to assist developing countries, particularly in Africa.,Western Sanctions, Global Consequences,The sanctions slapped on Russia in the spring of 2022, which included direct restrictions on food and fertilizer exports, plus efforts to limit Russia’s trade in agricultural commodities with third countries via so-called secondary sanctions on cargo ships or insurance providers, have already had a noticeable impact on food security, not only in the Global South, but the very heart of the so-called "First World" as well.,Earlier this year, German media sounded the alarm after calculating that the country’s farmers stand to lose some three million tons of agricultural output thanks to sanctions. In June, Bild reported that nearly one in six Germans is forced to skip meals thanks to out-of-control hikes in food prices.,In neighboring Poland, local media reported this week that Ukrainian wheat supplies flooding into the country were causing a “catastrophic” dampening of prices for domestic producers. “If the situation doesn’t improve, there will be riots in the countryside!” a farmer in Plonsk told a Wyborcza correspondent.,In Italy, the National Institute of Statistics has reported a double-digit jump in prices for flour and pasta, with prices for the staple components of Italian cooking growing between 18 and 21.5 percent year-on-year in July, and the cost of cooking oil spiking by a whopping 66 percent.,RussiaLIVE UPDATES: First Bulker With Ukrainian Grain Reaches Istanbul2 August, 05:00 GMT,Food insecure regions of the planet have fared even worse. According to a recent estimate by international aid agency Mercy Corps, flour prices in Lebanon, which depends on Russia and Ukraine for over 80 percent of its wheat flower needs, have jumped over 200 percent since the escalation of the Ukraine crisis.,For many countries, the Ukrainian emergency has only served to exacerbate an array of already existing problems. In Morocco, for example, Agriculture Minister Mohammed Sadiki reported in the spring that the country expects to lose up to 53 percent of its grain harvest this year due to the worst drought of the decade. The Horn of Africa faces similar worries amid the worst regional drought in 40 years. In Ethiopia, Somalia and Kenya, over 18 million people face hunger, and British charitable group Oxfam International fears that as many as 350,000 children could die from malnutrition this year in Somalia alone.,Earlier this year, the UN’s Refugee Agency calculated that the numbers of people forced to flee their homes in search of a better life had reached its highest-ever recorded number, with food scarcity, inflation, and the climate crisis adding to existing hardships and stretching humanitarian resources to the breaking point. According to the World Food Program, the number of people suffering from hunger could increase by 30-50 million people, with the poorest countries of Africa including Somalia, Sudan, the Central African Republic, Chad, and Congo expected to be hit hardest.,RussiaFighting Africa's Food Crisis: Russia Strengthening Ties and Stretching Helping Hand to Kenya3 August, 10:08 GMT,In June, the WFP warned that in Latin America too, food inflation is threatening to cause a migration wave of Biblical proportions amid calculations that some 14 million people across 13 countries are threatened with “extreme” food insecurity – up from 8.3 million in late 2021, if the current crisis continues.,“All of you are watching caravans, caravans of migrants moving, and before we used to talk about migration from the north of Central America, but now, unfortunately, we talk about migration being hemispheric. We have the whole continent on the move,” WEF Latin America and the Caribbean region coordinator Lola Castro told reporters.,Good for the Goose, But Not the Gander?,Last month, on the heels of the signing of the Russia-Ukraine-UN grain deal, the US Treasury reversed course on a number of food and fertilizer sanctions directives, “clarifying” in a fact sheet that it would no longer threaten secondary restrictions for the purchase or transport of Russian agricultural commodities. For the domestic market, Washington quietly eased restrictions on Russian agricultural products, including fertilizers, back in March, after the domestic farming lobby warned of out-of-control price hikes and possible food shortages.,Brussels, which joined Washington in slapping tough restrictions on Moscow in the spring, did not follow suit in easing them until late last month, after the damage to domestic and international markets had already been done.,WorldEU Reportedly Set to Unfreeze Some Russian Bank Funds for Food, Fertilizer Trade19 July, 10:26 GMT,Biden administration National Economic Council director Brian Deese raised eyebrows late last month when he boasted that compared to the rest of the world, the United States is in a better position to weather the global food security crisis.,“With respect to food, we’re a net exporter of agricultural commodities. Obviously the high prices are hitting Americans very hard, but in a way that is different from some places that are facing famine for example,” Deese said.,Biden economic advisor Brian Deese says the U.S. is doing better economically than other countries because we’re not in a “famine” pic.twitter.com/2JwO7YneOI— RNC Research (@RNCResearch) July 27, 2022,Biden’s detractors blasted the White House over Deese’s comments, suggesting it was absurd to lower the bar on the administration’s economic performance to the point where it was bragging that "at least the US isn’t facing famine." However, in the broader scheme of things, and amid the global food security crisis artificially exacerbated by Washington and its allies using sanctions, Deese isn’t wrong, with other countries, including many of the US’ allies, suffering much more.,Quo Vadis?,Serbia, home to the so-called “Balkan route” for migration during the 2015 European migrant crisis, has recently reported a major uptick in immigration amid the global food crisis.,On July 20, Serbian Commissioner for Refugees and Migration Vladimir Cucic indicated that the number of migrants traveling through Serbia had jumped 55 percent in 2022, with the number of people from Africa, Asia and the Middle East using the country as a transit state reaching 68,000, and expected to hit 100,000 before the end of the year. Cucic is confident that the global food crisis is directly responsible for the migration uptick, which he said has hit Africa, Pakistan, Bangladesh, parts of India and other Asian nations hardest.,“Hunger is forcing more and more people to move on out. You’re not going to wait and see how your children die from hunger, you will give them everything you have and tell them "get out of here!’” the official stressed.,UK Home Office Fails to Handle Increased Flow of Migrants Via English Channel21 July, 18:30 GMT,Food scarcity has been a factor driving revolutions, coups, wars, and civil unrest throughout human history, and has been used expertly by foreign manipulators to spark crises and institute regime change throughout the 20th and early 21st centuries. Food insecurity was a critical factor in the so-called "Arab Spring" unrest which swept across the Middle East and North Africa in early 2010. That crisis, together with the US and NATO military interventions in Iraq and Afghanistan, helped spark the 2015 European migrant wave, which saw more than 1.3 million people making their way to the continent, sparking mass unrest and a host of other social ills and problems in the countries that were made to accept the newcomers.,Observers fear that the second time around, the situation could prove far more explosive.,“Europe is not prepared morally, technically, or politically to accept additional refugees. They already overstrained themselves with the Syrian crisis,” Elena Suponina, an advisor to the director of the Russian Institute for Strategic Studies and expert at the Russian International Affairs Council think tank, told Sputnik in an interview.,The West, Suponina believes, is not ready to “save” people from Africa and Asia in the event of a global food crisis which she says has been manufactured by the United States.,“The United States has always been interested in limiting the strength of the European economies. Besides being partners, they are also competitors. The US has always kept in mind that Europe is first and foremost a competitor,” the expert stressed.,Tiberio Graziani, chairman of Vision & Global Trends - an Italy-based international affairs think tank, echoed Suponina's concerns, suggesting that Europe is "by no means ready to handle new potential waves of migrants," and still reeling from the consequences of the 2015 crisis. At the same time, he said, hunger has been a "recurring theme" in a world dominated by the West and its political and economic systems of governance.,"The food crisis is mainly due to the predatory policies carried out - in recent decades - by the so-called Western system in the different corners of the world. The hyper-liberal-democratic policies of the West have favoured the large globalist interest groups which, similarly to the colonial past of the nineteenth century, have deconstructed the various economic-productive fabrics of many areas of the planet, producing misery and dependence. The sophisticated technology that could help the fate of millions of people, since in the hands of large producers, often tied to financial interests, has instead, paradoxically, exacerbated the problem. Non-state organizations such as the UN, beyond good speeches, have failed to find adequate solutions to the problem. The world as a whole could find solutions - to this challenge, as well as to others - only if world power were more evenly distributed. Only a new multipolar system that adopts - in both economic and political international issues - a solidarity and cooperative practice, antithetical to current hyperliberism, could save us. It can be noted that some initiatives taken by the BRICS countries are moving in this direction," Graziani stressed.,The academic also agreed with Suponina's analysis of Washington's interest in the current crisis.,"The interest of the United States is to maintain global hegemony. This can also involve the sacrifice of nations such as Ukraine or the Old Continent: in the context of the North American strategy, these would be 'side effects'. The internal situation of the EU would worsen further: Europe as a whole would become even weaker and more dependent on the US than it currently is," Graziani concluded.。近期，流感高发，据中国疾控中心最新数据，目前流感病毒阳性率持续上升，其中99%以上为甲流。全国多地疾控紧急提醒，要做好个人防护，注意防范呼吸道、肠道传染病。

B | 01全国流感病毒阳性率快速上升据中国疾控中心发布的数据显示：哨点医院的门急诊检测阳性病原体主要是流感病毒、人偏肺病毒、鼻病毒；住院严重急性呼吸道感染病例检测阳性病原体主要是流感病毒、肺炎支原体、人偏肺病毒。

C | 可见，无论是门急诊病例还是住院严重病例中，流感都是最主要的病原体之一。什么是甲流？得了甲流会有哪些症状？家中出现流感患者怎么办？来看解答↓02什么是甲流？甲型流感，简称“甲流”，是由甲型流感病毒引起的急性呼吸道传染病。流感病毒分为甲、乙、丙、丁4型，其中甲型流感传染性最强、最容易发生变异，几乎每次流感大流行都是由甲型流感病毒引起。

D | 感染甲流后的主要表现为突然的高热，常有咳嗽、咽喉痛、鼻塞、流涕等呼吸道症状，伴有头痛、肌肉酸痛等全身不适，部分患者会出现胃肠道不适感。03甲流与普通感冒有什么不同？普通感冒由鼻病毒等多种病原体导致，传染性弱，发病没有明显的季节特征，症状表现为鼻塞、流涕、喷嚏、咳嗽等，一般不发热或仅有低热，没有全身性症状，5~7天即可自愈，很少有并发症出现。甲流与之相比，甲流传染性强，容易大范围流行，发病季节特征明显。患者表现为高烧、头痛、乏力，并伴有全身肌肉酸痛等。甲流有一定自限性，但容易引起其他并发症，包括肺炎、中耳炎、心肌炎、脑膜炎等严重并发症。04玛巴洛沙韦和奥司他韦有什么区别？因具有抗甲型和乙型流感病毒的作用，很多人将奥司他韦奉为抗流感的“特效药”。

E | 奥司他韦的主要作用是什么？能自行服用奥司他韦吗？奥司他韦是一种对甲流和乙流具有抗病毒活性的药物，可抑制病毒从被感染的细胞中释放，减少病毒扩散。专家指出，奥司他韦对其他类型的感冒病毒无效，如出现感冒症状应及时就医，确诊后尽快用药。

F | 奥司他韦有不同剂型，包括胶囊颗粒和混悬液，以适应不同年龄段人群，一岁以下婴幼儿仅限使用混悬剂。奥司他韦是处方药，用于预防或治疗甲流时，一定要在医生或药师指导下使用，不建议自行服用。

G | 玛巴洛沙韦与奥司他韦有什么区别？随着流感感染人数增多，抗流感药物的销量近期也持续增长，尤其是一种名为“玛巴洛沙韦”的药品，受到大家追捧。据医生介绍，玛巴洛沙韦作用机制和奥司他韦是不一样的。玛巴洛沙韦是抑制流感病毒的复制，让体内不再进病毒；奥司他韦是抑制病毒从被感染的细胞中释放，减少病毒扩散。玛巴洛沙韦单次给药后消除半衰期大约需79个小时；奥司他韦血药浓度下降半衰期一般为6~10个小时。玛巴洛沙韦全病程只需要给一次药；奥司他韦需要每天服用两次、连吃五天。

H | 目前，玛巴洛沙韦只批准了用于5岁以上、体重在20公斤以上的儿童及成人；奥司他韦胶囊剂和颗粒剂可用于1岁以上儿童及成人，干混悬剂的适用年龄更小，幼儿则按照体重具体计算给药剂量。医生提醒，婴幼儿感染后应优先考虑及时就医，在医生指导下用药，包括妊娠期、哺乳期患者都应优先考虑用药安全问题。

I | 05家中出现甲流患者怎么办？建议患者居家休息。

J | 尽量单间居住，保持房间通风，减少与共同居住者的接触机会。患者需注意个人卫生。保持良好的呼吸道卫生习惯，咳嗽和打喷嚏时应使用纸巾、毛巾等遮掩口鼻。

K | 密切观察患者和家庭成员的健康状况。一旦患者或其他家庭成员出现持续高热，伴有剧烈咳嗽、呼吸困难、神志改变、严重呕吐与腹泻等重症倾向，应及时就医。尽可能由一名固定的、非流感高危人群的家庭成员照顾患者，近距离接触患者时应佩戴口罩。06预防甲流关键做好这几点做好个人防护保护环境卫生日常注意保持手卫生和咳嗽礼仪等良好的卫生习惯。

L | 在流感流行季，尽量避免去人群聚集场所，避免接触有呼吸道症状的人员。居所定期清洁通风，对门把手、扶手等重点部位定期清洁与消毒。去公共场所或前往医院就诊时，患者及陪护人员要戴口罩，避免交叉感染。尤其是老年人非必要不去通风不良的公共场所，外出时养成戴口罩的习惯。注意日常营养坚持健康生活饮食规律，营养到位。充足睡眠，劳逸结合。坚持锻炼，增强体质。

M | 心态平和，乐观积极。尽快接种流感疫苗接种流感疫苗是预防和控制流感的主要措施之一。在流感流行季节之前对人群进行流感疫苗预防接种，可以减少接种者感染流感的机会或者减轻流感症状。来源：央视新闻微信公众号（ID：cctvnewscenter）、《朝闻天下》（来源：央视新闻微信公众号）更多精彩资讯请在应用市场下载“极目新闻”客户端，未经授权请勿转载，欢迎提供新闻线索，一经采纳即付报酬。